“We do not need that hypothesis”: complex behavior can be explained without recourse to irreducibly non-physical states.Note: this argument doesn’t purport to establish substance dualism or, as Descartes wished to show, that minds/persons could exist in a disembodied state.(Some) mental states/properties/events are not identical to any brain states/properties/events.Zombies are conceivable (David Chalmers singing the Zombie Blues).The Zombie Argument for property dualism.A (philosophical) zombie is a being which is a perfect duplicate of a normal human being-including brain and neural activity-but which is not conscious.The complexity and flexibility of human behavior, including linguistic behavior, couldn’t be achieved by mere mechanism so we need to assume some non-physical substance as an explanation for such behavior.Therefore, it is possible one’s mind might exist without one’s body.Whatever is conceivable is logically possible.It is conceivable that one’s mind might exist without one’s body.The Cartesian Essentialist Argument Con.Functionalism: mental states are to be characterized in terms of their causal relations to sensory inputs, behavioral outputs and other mental states, that is, in terms of their functional role.The Identity Theory (Type-Physicalism): mental states are identical to (so nothing more than) brain states.(“Analytical” or “Logical”) Behaviorism: talk about mental states should be analyzed as talk about behavior and behavioral dispositions.Physicalism: mental states are identical to physical states, in particular, brain states or, minimally, supervene upon physical states.Property Dualism:(some) mental states are irreducibly non-physical attributes of physical substances.Epiphenomenalism: physical events cause mental events but mental events don’t cause anything.Occasionalism/Parallelism: mind and body don’t interact.Interactionism: mind and body interact.Mind is unextended and not subject to physical laws. Substance Dualism: mind and body are differerent substances.The Turing Test Computing Machinery and Intelligence Alan Turing

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